Russia’s president,
Vladimir Putin, presents his newly muscular nationalism as an answer to Western decadence (very much taking a page from
Germany’s 1930s propaganda playbook). Wholesome Russian pop music, we are told, is being drowned out to be suggestive lyrics sung by bearded women from
Austria. Catalogues of Russian brides are slavered over by sexually frustrated Americans eager to abduct Russia’s young women into the Gomorrah of a cesspool that is the
United States. The West has embraced the shameless, sacrilegious, unpatriotic, ungrateful harlots of
Pussy Riot as though they were some sort of brave dissident heroines. The
Russian Orthodox Church is laboring to give the Russian people a moral grounding of which decades of Soviet communism had robbed them. On the other hand, of course, Putin tells us that the collapse of the
Soviet Union in the early 1990s was a catastrophe for Russia. He aims to fix all of this.
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| Putin contemplates some further modifications. |
How embarrassing, then, when the newly appointed Minister of Culture for one of the newly established but still diplomatically unrecognized ethnic-Russian, pro-Kremlin puppet states, the
Lugansk People’s Republic, turns out to have a semi-pornographic past. No sooner was
Irina Filatova (
Ирина Филатова) appointed by the
junta that has taken over
Ukraine’s eastern border oblast of Luhansk than
sultry photos of her were discovered the social-networking site
VK (
VKontakte) (which, with a quarter-billion users, is the Russian version of
Facebook but, predictably, also shades a bit into being the Russian equivalent of
AdultFriendFinder). The photos were supposedly hurriedly removed, but
can still be found anyway with not much effort [oops, this link now dead for the time being; apologies (June 2, 2014)].
More than anything else, the photos are a bit depressing. Presumably shot in Luhansk city, the nearby sidewalks in these outdoor shots are strewn with gravel, the photos use drab, abandoned-looking post-Soviet backdrops like a gas station, and one photo (see below) even shows a bikini-clad Filatova sitting spread-eagled on a park bench clutching a champagne bottle, looking like nothing so much as one of the vodka-addled vagrants who people Russian cityscapes in the Western imagination.
Darn. Well, I guess that’s the end of
her political career, right? That was certainly the gist of the exultant coverage of the Filatova revelations in the pro-Ukrainian press. But, wait. Not so fast. In fact, not only might this be no problem at all, but it might have been actually
planned. By way of explanation, I’d like you to meet the newly appointed Minister of Culture in Lugansk’s unrecognized sister republic in Ukraine’s rebel-run
Novorossiya (“
New Russia”) region, the
Donetsk People’s Republic (
D.P.R.).
* * *
 |
| Natalia Voronina, minister of culture for the Donetsk People’s Republic |
The new Donetsk minister,
Natalia Voronina (
Наталья Воронина),
is a semi-celebrity fashion designer and, as with many female Russian celebrities, the line between sophisticated and tacky and between respectable and pornographic is ... well, let’s just say those lines are not drawn quite in the same place they are in other countries.
Voronina’s husband, the industrialist
Aleksandr Kalyusskiy (
Александр Калюсский),
an habitué of the rebel capital’s hoity-toity “Donetsk Mafia Club,” happens to be the D.P.R.’s Deputy Prime Minister for Social Policy, but this red-headed bombshell
also has a law degree and runs her own boutique and fashion line. (Her boutique’s anti-Western, Anglophobic credentials may be in doubt however: Voronina’s spring line last year
was called, in (sort of) English, “Lady Batterfly” (
sic).)
 |
| Vorinina’s trophy husband: pro-Russian oligarch Alksandr Kalyusskiy |
She is a positive asset to the popularity of the D.P.R. Rebel-government handlers in her case were a bit more successful in scrubbing the Internet (in particular, VK) of some of her more erotic poses, apparently, but what remain are, while in the realm of high fashion, still fairly titillating.
If the culture ministries of the new “people’s republics” in eastern Ukraine are intended to provide their citizenry with “bread and circuses” while their rights are eroded and their once economically productive region is turned into a rubble-strewn war zone, then Filatova and Voronina are well cut out for the job—or, um, well, at least Voronina is.*
*[As of a couple weeks later, Voronina is no longer culture minister. See my report in this blog on this development.]
 |
| Um ... whatever. |
* * *
But this is nothing new in Putin’s new empire, and this is why this blog decided it was time for a Russo-specific follow-up to a popular previous blog post,
“The World’s 21 Sexiest Separatists,” which included only two figures from the former-Soviet world (
Emilia Plater, the 19th-century “Polish
Joan of Arc,” and one of
Chechnya’s presidents-in-exile, the actor and London playboy
Akhmed Zakayev).
Though the pugnacious ultranationalist “new Russian” culture that Kremlin propaganda is erecting on the rubble of Ukrainian sovereignty is openly patriarchal, like much of Russian folk culture, there is a high proportion of female politicians in high positions in the zone of Russian expansion, but they feature a suspicious preponderance of visually pleasing ones. Perhaps the most extreme example is
Natalia Poklonskaya (
Ната́лья Покло́нская) the new attorney general (chief prosecutor) of the
Republic of Crimea, installed when it declared independence from Ukraine earlier this year and was subsequently annexed by the Russian Federation.
Poklonskaya, with her doe-eyed, innocent pretty looks, has unexpectedly become a global Internet meme and something of a cult figure in the mostly
Japan-based world of the
manga and
animé subcultures. A March 11th press conference by Poklonskaya
posted on YouTube resulted in an explosion of fan art by Internet fans in Japan and
China, who made her face into an
animé icon in the pedophilia-tinged
moé style—doubtless reinforced by her youthful appearance (though 34, she could pass for 14) and her office’s military-style uniform, with a jaunty tie that evokes the school uniforms popular in Japanese
manga—and Japanese porn.
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| Natalia Poklonskaya’s many moods |
But far be it from me, or this blog, to suggest that Poklonskaya is merely decorative or was chosen
only for her looks.
As reported recently in this blog, her actions since taking office have included threatening the
Mejlis (
Council)
of the Crimean Tatar Nation—which represents the 12% of Crimea who are Muslim Tatars and overwhelmingly opposed the annexation—with “liquidation.” For a people that suffered ethnic engineered famine, ethnic cleansing, and mass deportation and death under
Josef Stalin, the experience of suddenly finding themselves ruled from Moscow again and intimidated with words like “liquidation” is having the effect of terrifying many of them into silence. So one could hardly say that Poklonskaya does not know how to do her job.
Poklonskaya’s unusual sort of fame has been welcomed by many Russian nationalists, and she famously wielded one press query about her private life
by saying, “As the idiom goes, ‘Beauty saves the world.’” But the velocity of the growth of Poklonskayamania has baffled and worried other Russian officials. And the Kremlin
has at times tried to contain the problem of floods of inquiries about her, as well as a fake
Twitter account in her name. (
A Twitter tribute account remains.)
 |
This is many Japanese middle-aged men’s fantasy, but Crimean minorities’
nightmare. One way to put it is: the Tatars don’t have a safeword. |
* * *
A little less polished and professional, so far, is
Yekaterina Gubareva (
Екатерина Губарева), wife of the founder of the Donetsk People’s Republic,
Pavel Gubarev (
Павел Губарев), who has, initially through the connection with her husband,
become the D.P.R.’s Minister for Foreign Affairs.
 |
| Gubareva being interviewed at a separatist rally, with St. George’s Ribbon in buttonhole. |
Gubarev
first came to the attention of this blog in March when he led the first major rebellion in mainland Ukraine this year by declaring the “
Donetsk Republic,” though he had already been arrested and jailed by Ukrainian authorities (
as reported in this blog as well) by the time the D.P.R. was declared under its new name a month later. (Flags still say simply, “
Donetskiya Respublika.”)
 |
| Yekaterina Gubareva |
Her husband’s imprisonment and, according to his supporters, his suffering torture at the Kyiv government’s hands (never substantiated) enhanced his status as “people’s governor” and lent Gubareva a kind of
Yelena Bonner–like moral authority. Her fashion-model good looks did not hurt the cause, either.
 |
| Gubareva became spokeswoman for her imprisoned husband. |
(The D.P.R. does not seem to run a particularly tight ship when it comes to the protocol for cabinet appointments, however. This week the leadership was embarrassed when a medical-school professor named
Konstantin Scherbakov heard second-hand that he had been appointed the republic’s Ministry of Health. No one had even asked him if he wanted the job, or even suggested his name was in the hopper. As it turns out, he has no interest in the position. “I never agreed to this, I never signed any papers, it was a complete surprise,” Scherbakov said, adding, “I work at a medical university. I have things to do.”)
 |
| Yekaterina Gubareva |
Though other leaders have come to the fore in the D.P.R., leaving Gubarev (who was released by Ukrainian authorities in a prisoner exchange this month) with a more symbolic “people’s governor” role, Gubareva’s influence has only grown, and she may prove in the long run to be even more of a shaker and mover in the separatist movement than her husband.
* * *
Already established in politics before the Ukraine crisis began last year was
Nina Shtanski (
Нина Штански), who is Minister for Foreign Affairs for the
Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, a.k.a.
Trans-Dniester Republic, a.k.a.
Transnistria, a.k.a.
Transdniestria.
This tiny sliver of eastern
Moldova along the Ukrainian border, defended by the Russian military and propped up by infusions of rubles from the Kremlin, declared independence in 1991 but has existed in a kind of limbo, serving mainly as a way to prevent Moldova from being absorbed into the
European Union (
E.U.) or
NATO. After the annexation of Crimea, it was Shtanski who became the public face of Transnistria’s effort to get her small, diplomatically unrecognized pseudo-state admitted to the Russian Federation as well.
Shtanski, who is 37, is trained as a jurist and political scientist and has served diplomatic functions in her home republic since its foundation. She was made foreign minister in 2012 and this year was given the added title of Deputy Prime Minister. But she has also attracted attention for dressing in a manner that would not exactly be considered professional in other countries. You’ve never seen Madeline Albright, Condoleezza Rice, or Hillary Rodham Clinton gussied up like this.
Many,
including myself in this blog, have speculated that annexing Transnistria may be a goal of the Putin administration. Though not at all far from Crimea’s western edge and though including the navigable estuary of the Dniester River, Transnistria is still landlocked, and linking it to Russia would probably mean the annexation or control of at least the predominantly-ethnic-Russian and fairly restive
Odessa Oblast (activists have already declared it the “
Odessa Republic of Novorossiya,”
as reported in this blog), with its valuable Black Sea port. Putin may even be contemplating the pros and cons of seizing all of Ukraine’s Black Sea coast. That would make Transnistria Russia’s westernmost outpost other than the Baltic Sea exclave of
Kaliningrad Oblast, at the location of Germany’s former
East Prussia province. A race for Transnistria across Ukraine’s soft underbelly might also spark a true Second Crimean War. If so, Nina Shtanski will rise from obscurity to become a major player in global geopolitics.
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| It’s Christmas in Transnistria, and Nina Shtanski’s got the whole world in her hands. |
* * *
Also in this category we could put
Alina Kabaeva (
Али́на Каба́ева), an
Uzbekistan native of half-Russian, half-Tatar ancestry and since 2007 a member of Russia’s parliament for Putin’s
United Russia party, whose long-term romantic relationship with the only-recently-divorced Putin is an open secret in Russia. Kabaeva was recently listed by one business-news website as one of the
“9 Most Attractive Politicians in the World” (a list with an admitted right-of-center bias; others included
Sarah Palin and
Mitt Romney of the
United States’
Republican Party; at no. 1,
Silvio Berlusconi’s former Minister of Equal Opportunity in
Italy’s cabinet,
Mara Carfagna;
Mexico’s establishment president,
Enrique Peña Nieto; and
Orly Levy, a
Likud–Yisrael Beiteinu member of
Israel’s Knesset who heavily courts the Russian-immigrant vote).
She is also an Olympic gymnast—a
rhythmic gymnast, as the tabloids never tire of specifying—who won a bronze in Sydney in 2000 and a gold in Athens four years later. Her presence as a torch-bearer at the opening ceremonies of the Winter Olympics in Sochi earlier this year was seen as in some sense a “coming out” and acknowledgement of her personal ties to Putin.
Though she serves in the
Duma (parliament), her athletic past hardly qualified her for the position. Like most United Russia deputies, she votes in lock step with Putin as he expands his quest for Eurasian domination. This trophy wife—actually, trophy
mistress—of one of the world’s most brutal authoritarian rulers is a decorative figurehead indeed.
 |
Duma legislator Alina Kabaeva plunks down her designer attaché case
for another day of pretending to listen to long boring speeches. |
* * *
On the other hand, it is hardly the pro-Russian faction in Ukrainian politics that has a lock on beauty and fashion. The pro-E.U. but, most agree, quite corrupt former prime minister,
Yulia Tymoshenko (
Ю́лія Тимоше́нко)—who was later imprisoned by her pro-Kremlin successor
Viktor Yanukovych and became a hero of the Euro-Maidan movement before running for president again in this weekend’s election (she is not favored to win)—has frequently been called “the world’s most beautiful politician.”
With her trademarked blonde braids, she has been a telegenic constant in coverage of Ukrainian politics. Her stark beauty, while a political asset, has been used against her as well, both by pro-Ukrainian, anti-Moscow groups like the Ukrainian feminist culture-jammer guerilla-theater collective
Femen, who have skewered her appearance in nude street demonstrations targeting her corruption—
—and perceived too-conciliatory approach to Putin—
—as well as by pro-Russian mobs and activists in places like Slavyansk in eastern Ukraine, whose loutish misogyny cannot separate their political opposition to her from her status as a sexual object:
Yet another Ukrainian
beauty,
Natalia Korolevska (
Наталія Королевська), of Luhansk, was running for the presidency until
withdrawing her candidacy on May 1st.
 |
| Natalia Korolevska |
Korolevska, who turned 39 last week, was Yanukovych’s Minister for Social Justice until his ouster and then shifted her support to Tymoshenko. The social-democratic
“Ukraine—Forward!” party Korolevska runs focuses on anti-corruption.
 |
| Ukraine’s former social-justice minister Natalia Korolevska |
But the real question remains: is Irina Filatova ready to take on the heady responsibilities of the Ministry of Culture portfolio in the Lugansk People’s Republic? We believe she is. We believe she is. I mean, just look at her.
[You can read more about Transnistria, the Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics, and many other separatist and new-nation movements, both famous and obscure, in my new book, a sort of encyclopedic atlas just published by Litwin Books under the title Let’s Split! A Complete Guide to Separatist Movements and Aspirant Nations, from Abkhazia to Zanzibar. The book, which contains 46 maps and 554 flags (or, more accurately, 554 flag images), is available for order now on Amazon. Meanwhile, please “like” the book (even if you haven’t read it yet) on Facebook and see this interview for more information on the book.]
Thanks to William Abernathy, Olga Buchel, and Jeff Groton for alerting me to sources and information used in this article.
